B Complex Vitamins and Their Importance in Health and Disease (Part II)

B Complex Vitamins and Their Importance in Health and Disease (Part II)
By Grata Young

Pyridoxine

Vitamin B 6 or pyridoxine is actually a group of substance - pyridoxine, pyridoxinal and pyridoxamine - that are closely related and function together. It helps in the absorption of fats and proteins, prevents nervous and skin disorders and protects against degenerative diseases.

The main sources of this vitamin are yeast, wheat, bran, wheat germ, pulses, cereals, banana,walnuts, soyabeans, milk, egg, liver, meat and fresh vegetables. Deficiency can lead todermatitis, conjuctivitis, anaemia, depression, skin disorders, nervousness, insomnia, migraineheadaches and heart diseases.

The recommended daily requirement is 2.0 mg. for adults and 0.2 mg. for children. This vitaminused therapeuticlly from 100 to 150 mg. daily can relieve painful jonts and the discomforts ofpregnancy and pre-menstrual symptoms. Vitamin B6 is now the most intensively studied of allvitamins. Researches are on the threshold of a number of promising developments involvingtreatments of various ailments with this vitamin. They include hyperactivity in children, asthma,arthritis, kidney stones, blood clots in heart attack victims and nervous disorders.

Folic Acid

Vitamin B9 or folic acid, along with vitamin B12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells.

It is essential for the growth and division of all body cells for healing processes. It aids proteinmetabolism and helps prevent premature greying. Valuable sources of this vitamin are deepgreen leafy vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, brewers yeast, mushrooms , nuts,peanuts andliver. A deficiency can result in certain types of anaemia, serious skin disorders, loss of hair,impaired circulation, fatigue and mental depression.

The minimum daily requirement of this vitamin is 0.4 mg. To correct anaemia and deficiencies 5mg or more are needed daily. Some authorities believe that folic acid is contraindicated inleukemia and cancer.

Pantothenic Acid

Vitamin B5 or pantothenic acid helps in cell building, main- taining normal growth anddevelopment of the central nervous system. It stimulates the adrenal glands and increases theproduction of cortisone and other adrenal hormones. It is essential for conversion of fatty andsugar to energy. It also helps guard against most physical and mental stresses and toxins andincreases vitality. The main sources of this vitamin are whole grain bread and cereals, greenvegetables, peas, beans, peanuts and egg yolk. It can be synthesised in the body by intestinalbacteria. A deficiency can cause chronic fatigue, hypoglycemia, greying and loss of hair, mentaldepression, stomach disorders, blood and skin disorders.

The minimum daily requirement of this vitamin has not been established, but is estimated to bebetween 30 and 50 mg a day. The usual therapeutic doses are 50 to 200 mg. In some studies,1,000 mg or more were given daily for six moths without side effects. It is useful in the treatmentof insomnia, low blood pressure and hypoglycemia or low blood sugar.

Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 or cobolamin, commonly known as ed vitamin, is the only vitamin that containsessential mineral elements. It is essential for proper functioning of the central nervous system,production and regeneration of red blood cells and proper utilisation of fat, carbohydrates andprotein for body building. It also improves concentration, memory and balance. Valuable sourcesof this vitamin are kidney, liver, meat, milk, eggs, bananas and peanuts. Its deficiency can leadto certain types of anaemia, poor appetite and loss of energy and mental disorders.

The recommended daily allowance of this vitamin is 3 mcg. Taken in large therapeutic dosesfrom 50 to 100 mcg., it is beneficial in the treatment of lack of concentration, fatigue, depression,insomnia and poor memory.

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